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Access lists applied to interfaces
default to outbound if no direction is specified.
-1 is used with IPX access lists to specify wildcard networks.
Limiting broadcast traffic is important because a broadcast frame is
more likely to cause a collision than a unicast frame.
There are two types of access lists
Standard access lists; standard IP access lists check the source
address of packets. The result permits or denies the packet output
for the ENTIRE PROTOCOL SUITE based on the only source address.
Standard access lists do not specify destination addresses. Standard
access list have a number from 1 to 99. IPX standard access lists
are numbered from 800 to 899.
Extended access lists; extended IP access lists check for both
source and destination packet addresses. They can also check for
SPECIFIC PROTOCOLS, port numbers, and other parameters, which give
administrators more flexibility and control. Extended access lists
have a number from 100 to 199. IPX extended access lists are
numbered from 900 to 999.
Access List Testing Process:
1. Access list statements operate in a sequential, logical order.
They evaluate packets from the top down, one statement at a time.
Placing more frequent access list statements at the top will reduce
CPU overhead for the router.
2. If a packet header and an access list statement match, the rest
of the statements are skipped, and the packet is either permitted or
denied.
3. If a packet header does not match an access list, it is tested
against the next statement in the list until the end of the list is
reached, at which time the packet is denied by an implicit deny.